NORMAL BILIARY PHYSIOLOGY
Bile, a complex fluid secreted by hepatocytes, passes via the intrahepatic bile ducts into the common bile duct. Tonic contraction of the sphincter of Oddi during fasting diverts about half of hepatic bile into the gallbladder where it is stored and concentrated. Cholecystokinin, released after food ingestion, causes contraction of the gallbladder and relaxation of the sphincter of Oddi, allowing delivery of a nicely timed bolus of bile, rich in bile acids, into the intestine. Bile acids, detergent molecules possessing both fatsoluble and water-soluble moieties, convey phospholipids and cholesterol from the liver to the intestine, where the latter undergoes fecal excretion. In the intestinal lumen, bile acids solubilize dietary fat and promote its digestion and absorption. Bile acids are, for the most part, efficiently reabsorbed by the small intestinal mucosa, particularly in the terminal ileum, and are recycled to the liver for re-excretion, a process termed the en-terohepatic circulation.
- CARCINOMA OF THE PANCREAS - Clinical Manifestations
- Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome
- Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD)
- SMOKING CESSATION
- EFFECTORS OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
- LABORATORY TESTS IN LIVER DISEASE
- NORMAL ABSORPTION
- TREATMENT OF MALABSORPTION
- NORMAL BILIARY PHYSIOLOGY
- MICROSCOPIC ANATOMY
- POLYPS OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT
- PROSTHETIC VALVES
- MOTOR DISORDERS OF THE ESOPHAGUS
- SYNCOPE
- Complications of Dialysis
- ACUTE RENAL INSUFFICIENCY
- RENAL PHARMACOLOGY
- LIMITATION OF MFARCT SIZE
- COMPLICATIONS OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AND THEIR MANAGEMENT
- SMOKE INHALATION
- CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF GALLSTONES
- Specific Etiologies
- DIFFUSE LUNG DISEASE OF UNKNOWN ETIOLOGY
- AORTIC ARTERITIS
- Skin and Conjunctiva
- PULMONARY HEART DISEASE
- Improving Case Management
- C. MALABSORPTION
- Incidence
- CHEST WALL DISEASE
- GENERAL SURGERY IN THE PATIENT WITH HEART DISEASE
- EMPHYSEMA
- PENETRATING TRAUMA
- HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA
- Diagnosis